Essay --

The increasing speed of string design coordinating issues in equipment has begun as right on time as 1980 [1] with the unique reason VLSI chip utilized by Foster and Kung to register a calculation for the string design coordinating issue utilizing systolic cluster engineering. The term systolic cluster was authored by Kung and Leiserson in 1978 at the Carnegie-Mellon University [2]. This one-dimensional cluster empowers the increasing speed of Dynamic Programming (DP) calculations by methods for figuring the recursive condition in hostile to slanting stream rather than consecutive stream as in a standard microchip. Another early examination which executed the DP calculation on unique reason VLSI chip was accounted for by Lipton and Lopresti in 1985. The arrangement alter separation calculation was executed in the handling component and an aggregate of 30 systolic processors were utilized for the speeding up of the example coordinating issue. Following that, the Princeton Nucleic Acid Comparator (P-NAC) was accounted for by Lopresti in 1987 [3]. This VLSI center performed DNA grouping examinations and accomplished paces multiple times quicker than a minicomputer (DEC VAX 11/785). In the mid 1990s, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) were utilized to quicken the calculation utilizing a straight systolic exhibit. Sprinkle was among the most importantly the-rack FPGA-based grouping alter separation quickening agents, and was accounted for by Hoang and Lopresti [4]. It contained 24 PEs where each executed the succession alter separation calculation. In any case, around then FPGAs were not as serious as they are today. Accordingly, other equal designs were created, including the single guidance numerous information (SIMD) structures, for example, smaller scale grain cluster processor (MGAP) [4] in 1994, Kestrel [5] in 1996 and Fuzion [6] in 2002. These parall... ...represents another processor cluster design for the Smith-Waterman with relative hole punishment arrangement calculation that are more productive in speed and region than the processor exhibit engineering of [23] uniquely for short question groupings. This is accomplished by applying a nonlinear mapping strategy to the Smith-Waterman with relative hole punishment arrangement calculation subsequent to communicating it as Regular Iterative Algorithm (RIA). This approach utilizes an information booking and hub projection procedures to investigate the systolic cluster engineering of the calculation. Likewise, we present the equipment execution of the preparing component (PE) of the proposed systolic cluster structure and apply a booking technique to the PE engineering so as to re-utilize the systolic exhibit for the different pass handling of such organic groupings without requiring extra time for PE setup.

Research Report on Animal Cloning for Biological Technique

Question: Examine about theResearch Report on Animal Cloning for Biological Technique. Answer: Presentation Cloning is a natural strategy that is utilized to make another living being that is hereditarily indistinguishable from another life form. The primary thought of cloning was presented by German Embryologist Hans Spemann in 1935. Be that as it may, at first, just trees and plans were cloned effectively. Creature cloning endeavors were begun a lot later around the 1980s when different species like frogs, pigs and others were utilized to create clones. The principal effective clone of a warm blooded animal was of a sheep (named Dolly) that was conceived in 1996 (Song et al., 2016). Starting there of time till now, numerous endeavors have been made to clone different species particularly fundamentally jeopardized or terminated species with the goal that they can be brought once more into the world. In any case, the cloned creatures were conceived, the vast majority of them kicked the bucket right on time because of different organ complexities (lung issues in the greater part of the case s). In addition, it has been discovered that of all cloning tests led, just around 30% have been fruitful. With expanding research on cloning, thoughts have emerged in regards to the chance of cloning a person (Bohrer Bordignon, 2016). Be that as it may, human cloning has since been marked as illicit so as to ensure moral and strict convictions of numerous networks. Prior to this, human cloning tests have been led and a few researchers were even fruitful in cloning human undeveloped organisms. As of late, analysts have proposed to direct cloning strategies for restorative purposes. Be that as it may, the moral factor for such research is still under discussion (the same number of believe it to be a perilous innovation and may bring about maltreatment of the subject) and such, no such usage has been done at this point. In this examination report, the subject of creature cloning has been inquired about in detail and its moral ramifications have been talked about. Moreover, a writing audit has been led so as to assemble some more data on a similar point. Creature Cloning: A Detailed Research Writing Review As indicated by Heinrichs (2017), cloning or agamic age is an ordinary kind of multiplication that is essentially found in certain plants and microorganisms. All plant organs can be wellsprings of agamic proliferation, yet stems are the most generally perceived ones. Agamic increase consolidates developing (jellyfish, corals and tapeworms), break (worms), and parthenogenesis (a couple of fishes, bugs, frogs and reptiles). Over the ground stems (stolons) of strawberry plants convey new plants. Underground stems fuse rhizomes, globules, corms and tubers. Leaves in irises and basic establishments of aspen are furthermore wellsprings of new plants. In creatures the conceptive system is in like manner expanded to the point that any instrument we can imagine has quite recently been executed (Slack, 2014). The various sorts of agamic duplication exist together with hermaphroditism and unpredictable outside and internal sex. Be that as it may, most of the creatures recreate through parthenog enesis exactly at explicit conditions. Aphids use parthenogenesis in the spring when they end up with satisfactory food. Parthenogenesis is quicker than sexual expansion and permits expedient maltreatment of available resources (Nichols, 2016). In honey bees, arranged eggs advance toward turning out to be females, while haploid unfertilised (parthenogenetic) eggs advance toward turning out to be folks. In any case, it should be seen that abiogenetic duplication of warm blooded creatures is anything but a typically happening wonder regardless of the way that in mammalian age innately vague individuals, known as monozygotic twins, do occur. According to Saliba et al. (2014), these can anyway not be viewed as clones in such manner in light of the fact that: (a) they are not the result of agamic age and (b) they share all their inherited material where misleadingly conveyed clones simply offer their middle DNA, however the mitochondrial DNA differs. Dynamic acknowledgment of agamic plan t age (using joining and setting up) has been a run of the mill practice in agribusiness since early humanity's history. It has been used to raise and hold particularly alluring characteristics, for instance, advancement, flavor and insurance. As such, cloning is another miracle in the verifiable background of human progression of farm animal species (Dillen et al., 2013). The essential cloning researches creatures date from the nineteenth century. In 1891 Hans Driesch confined the blastomeres (cells encircled in the primary periods of undeveloped improvement) of a two-cell creating life of sea urchin precisely by shaking them in seawater. For this circumstance, one may state that individuals have used the ordinarily happening methodology of age of the pined for plant species. In any case, concerning develop creatures, abiogenetic expansion in nature is on a standard with non-existent. They all mirror by joining the characteristics of two individual living things. The cells started to grow unreservedly and formed two whole sea urchins (Ni et al., 2014). Following eleven years a comparable test, with relative results, was performed by Hans Spemann in a vertebrate (reptile) using a hair from his kid child to disconnect the cells. Regardless, the unavailability of a profitable dealing with structure and, even more basically, nonattendance of affirmation that mammalian oocytes and preimplantation beginning life forms require totally controlled temperature for progression hampered the utilization of the technique to warm blooded animals for pretty much 80 years (Jin et al, 2017). Over the long haul the essential productive baby part was acted in nearby creatures with the purpose behind snappy increase of gainful individuals. A capable creature cloning advancement would give various new opportunities to tamed creatures agribusiness, human solution, and creature assurance. Nuclear cloning incorporates the age of creatures that are genetically vague to the patron cells used as a piece of a system known as Nucleus Transfer (NT). An enormous number of the pregnancy adversities relate to frustration of the placenta to make and work precisely. Placental brokenness may similarly unfavorably affect postnatal prosperity (Ogura, Inoue Wakayama, 2013). These eccentricities are probably a direct result of misguided epigenetic recreating of the benefactor genome following NT, provoking inappropriate instances of value verbalization in the midst of the improvement of clones. In any case, at display it is an inefficient method: in dairy cows, just around 6% of the creating lives traded to the conceptive tracts of recipient bovines bring about strong, longterm enduring clones (Cibelli et al., 2013). Of concern are the hi gh disasters all through brooding, in the midst of birth and in the post-natal period through to adulthood. While some physiological tests on enduring clones suggest commonality, various reports show a variety of post-natal clone-related varieties from the standard. This variability in result may reflect species-specific or possibly cloning methodological differentiations. Essentially, to date it gives that these clone-related phenotypes are not transmitted to descendants following sexual engendering. This shows they address epigenetic goofs, rather than innate mix-ups, which are altered in the midst of gametogenesis. While this needs assertion at the nuclear level, it gives starting trust in the chief utilization of NT in agriculture, explicitly, the production of little amounts of cloned bovines from genetically reproduced bulls, for ordinary mating, to effectively scatter innate get. Despite the creature government assistance stresses with the development, the concealed prosperit y of the creatures and the critical effect on food security are fundamental points of view that anticipate that assessment should build regulatory and customer affirmation (Fernandes et al., 2016). The essential system was first made in quite a while of land and water during the 1950s and was used to investigate nuclear totipotency in isolated cell peoples. In tamed creatures species, undifferentiated early stage blastomeres were first used successfully in sheep, dairy steers and pigs. In later conditions, early stage NT has been loosened up in mice to fuse the usage of other undifferentiated cell sorts including undeveloped basic microorganisms got from the inward cell mass of blastocysts. Future changes in creature cloning will, all things considered, rise up out of an increasingly important perception of the nuclear frameworks of rehashing. The formation of nuclear clones is a multi-step process that essentially delivers an entire living being from the nuclear deoxyribonucleic co rrosive (DNA) of a single advocate cell using the atomic exchange process (Yu et al., 2016). Then again, the usage of progressively isolated cell sorts got from either creating lives, undeveloped organisms or most basically grown-up creatures, as because of 'Dolly' the sheep, toppled a principle in science concerning nuclear totipotency from grown-up cells and has opened new open entryways and headings in investigate. This has been named generous cell NT to remember it from early stage NT. System This exploration is chiefly founded on systematic investigation of existing takes a shot at creature cloning just as survey of momentum happenings with respect to creature cloning research works. The whole research has been done with the assistance of broad writing survey that gave adequate data in regards to the historical backdrop of creature cloning just as future extent of research. In addition, sources like research diaries, papers and ongoing online journals have been utilized to discover late updates on creature cloning research and what the researchers are as of now attempting to accomplish. Conversation the probability of exchanging the method of cell partition and, along these lines, of using

Sirotas Three-Factor Theory Keeping Employees Enthusiastic

Sirotas Three-Factor Theory Keeping Employees Enthusiastic You don’t want employees who don’t know how to go about their work. Hiring employees who do not have the necessary expertise isn’t going to help.As many as 38% of employers, in a recent study, stated as to how the lack of qualified talent remains a worry.And it’s more significant a problem than you think.Estimates suggest that while the top 1% of your workforce can help you make a healthy $5000 profit a year, having unproductive employees can cost you as much as $12,000 annually.Compare that to recent trends over 70% of American employees believe they aren’t engaged enough at work.If you’re looking to make your employees more productive, Sirota’s three-factor theory can help.WHAT IS THE THREE-FACTOR THEORY BY DR. SIROTA?As Dr. Sirota talked about in his book, the question is not how you motivate the employees.Instead, the problem is: how do you keep management from destroying motivation and the enthusiasm that the great majority of people initially and naturally bring to their jobs?Working as an employee in a company means differently to everyone.Some employees seem to be happy while others tend towards negativity. Some search for basic needs while others want to earn.Employee and employer relationship go hand in hand.If one is not satisfied with others, it affects the work, the atmosphere and the culture of the company.The company surely needs enthusiastic employees to work and to maintain efficiency in work.So how will you find out the enthusiastic employees out there? Are they standing with the board marked saying: “Hire me! I am the one”.Or are they continuously pinging you to hire them?To learn how to keep the employees enthusiastic, Dr. David Sirota- organizational researcher and consultant, surveyed four million workers around the world.Apart from our other productivity tips at the workplace, this is one study that you need to take note of.Since 1972, Dr. Sirota has surveyed over 13.6 million employees, 841 companies, 160 countries, al l management, and job levels and many industries.According to the survey, there are four modes of relationship with employees.CULTURERELATIONSHIPPartnershipAlliesPaternalisticChildrenAdversarialEnemiesTransactionalCiphersThe theory says that people who join the organization are motivated and slowly this motivation or enthusiasm starts lacking.Thus, to maintain the enthusiasm in employees, the organization shall look out for these methods and shall try to improve the working conditions for the employees, and this will lead to long term benefits.He also laid down a book: The Enthusiastic Employee; which talks about why it is important to give employees what they want.Wait, does that make sense? Wouldn’t you be going bankrupt with unrealistic employee expectations? Dr. Sirota says that when the employee joins the company, they are motivated and want to work hard.Slowly though, this motivation or enthusiasm dies out as the employee doesn’t get proper facilities, remuneration, achiev ements or awards.In short, employee morale goes down due to different reasons.To maintain employee confidence, the employer has to look out for the needs of the employee.Dr. Sirota has mentioned these three fundamental principles that can help.Both the organization and the employee need to have the same goals.The organization needs to fulfill the primary demands of the employees.The employees need to be motivated or should have the enthusiasm to work for the organization.IT’S TIME TO LOVE YOUR EMPLOYEESThe three fundamental principles are always vice- versa.If the organization takes care of the needs of the employees, they will surely work hard.And if the organization doesn’t care about the needs, it might lose some of the good talents.As a result, employees and employers both have responsibilities towards each other.To understand more, here’s an example.In a company, two employees are working at the same level.Both have different tasks that require different skill sets.One ha s got an easier task more suited to his skill sets. He understands it and knows can finish it within a deadline.The other has a bit difficult task that he has no idea about. What happens then?The one who completes the task gets more awards and recognition.The other employee isn’t as lucky and gets negative feedback. In turn, it demotivates him, making him lose the confidence and eventually, the focus on the goal.As an employer, you need to be aware of similar scenarios.Look to understand employee problems, if you aim to create a happier workplace.All things told why is employee enthusiasm necessary?When talking about major organizations today, most of them achieve higher ROI only when their employees are super productive and work happily.An employee with higher enthusiasm works for a longer time. You would want your employees to say things like these.“We are a dynamic company with first-class leadership. Our boss is the best. Her word is her bond.”“I feel like I’ve died a nd gone to heaven here. If things stay this way, I’d like to spend the rest of my working life here.”Employee reviews do matter and also help in improvement.Happy employees tend to become a closer part of an organization and take in the success or failure of the organization as their success or failure.It’s something that makes them give their best.THE TOP WAYS TO MAKE YOUR EMPLOYEES DO MOREEmployees are the backbone of an organization. Simply told, without them, it can’t work.So, how can you motivate your employees to do better? Here are a few tips.Inspire them to work.Help them to improve their work.Open communication should take place.TeamworkPositive attitudeGoal-orientedIt’s just a few ways you can make your organization a more productive one.In turn, it will help in retaining the confidence of the employees and empower them to work better.It’s what the three-factor theory is all about.THE THREE-FACTOR THEORY AND HOW DOES IT WORK?To keep the employees happy and goal -oriented, you need something handy.To address this, Dr. Sirota has created a three-factor theory.The three-factor theory talks about how you can keep the employees enthusiastic and maintain a favorable environment.If you ensure that your employee has access to the three ingredients or factors, they will work with more motivation and enthusiasm.The goals for them do not change over time; they remain the same.We will take a look at the three factors below.1. EquityWhat does equity mean for you?For Dr. Sirota, it means equality, being fair, and being impartial.When it comes to organizational context, it also means treating all people equally regardless of their position, work culture, creed or color.Equality brings more confidence to work and creates a healthy environment around. People are motivated and know that their work will be appreciated.Here is how it helps them stay in the loop.i. PhysiologicalIt relates to having safe environment surroundings. Employees shouldn’t have to j uggle with emotional and physical health.Here is what you should ask:How well do you take care of your employees? Do you have all the safety equipment within the premises? It all counts.Training on a regular basis helps employees create a balance between work and leisure.ii. EconomicAs an employer, are you offering your employees the level of job security they need?Can employees look forward to the alternatives in case of a layoff?Here are a few questions to ask:Do you communicate freely and openly to the employee in case of a layoff?Do you provide financial assistance to the employees who have lost their jobs?Do you offer a bonus to the employees?Do you involve employees in profit sharing programs?iii. PsychologicalIt represents the respect you offer towards the employees. Do you view all employees equally? You need to treat everyone equally irrespective of their position, power or work.Ask yourself, do your employees have a cordial relation with each other? Organizational hierarch y, if not done right, may be adverse consequences.Think twice before having a differentiation in parking, different eating places for employees or employers, or bigger cubicles of those in higher positions.Does your organization provide attention to the needs and wants of the employees?The feedback given to an employee should both positive and negative.Constructive criticism is the answer if you’re looking how to go about negative feedback. This way, employees feel more rewarded and is more oriented towards the work.Every employee wants to have an equal opportunity. They are eager to perform but will need some guidance to help them.Offer them proper feedback ensuring proper two-way communication. It’s sure to improve the employee performance.Treating employees equally and respectfully help them know that the organization cares about them.Higher enthusiasm leads to better business results, and in turn, higher employee morale.It’s a never-ending circle, only if you mix in the ri ght ingredients.2. AchievementAn achievement, reward or recognition is a simple way to increase employees’ enthusiasm. Employees want their achievements to be recognized. They want that simple praise.Simple changes can improve the morale of an employee, and make employees take their work seriously.Sirota’s theory focuses on motivating employees and helping them to concentrate better in work.Let’s face it.Do you feel that you nobody recognizes you for who you are at the workplace? As employees, we don’t feel great.And it bogs down on our work performance.A few changes on how the organization views them can change this. Recognizing achievements or rewards isn’t something difficult, but can go a long way to keep them motivated.As an employer, look to focus on these core areas.i. Work EnvironmentYou need a good environment in which the individual can work.An employee has to have with the necessities which they will make use of during the work.For that, employers need to delega te tasks properly and look to avoid mismanagement. Here are a few other tips to help.Employees need to be able to discuss their problems without worry if they face any issues. Red tape is a bummer.Hierarchies do not seem to work for all organizations. Even if you want one, ensure that people are comfortable about their responsibilities.Focus on participative leadership. It ensures that employees participate in everything important.ii. Challenging WorkEmployees need to have work that challenges their skills and abilities.You can help them do more by following some simple tips.Arrange workshops which help employees to gain new skill sets.Have tasks that are of interest the employees.Offering suitable tasks for employees will help them perform it better.iii. Feedback, Recognition, and RewardProviding feedback to the employees is the best way to gain confidence, as they tend to understand their position and work accordingly.Here is what can help:Rewards are again a very effective way to increase the motivation of the employees. It also ensures them more power and more confidence to work.Feedback can work as two-way communication between an employer and an employee. An employer can ask an employee to improve if the goals aren’t met.You can offer both non-financial and financial rewards to employees, according to the work or situation.Promotions to higher posts to existing employees rather than appointing someone new can be a good idea too. It will encourage the employees to work harder.iv. Purpose and PrinciplesHow defined are your organizational goals?The principles need to be clear and everyone well aware of them.Does your company have a brand name of its own? People always want to join recognized and well-established companies because these organizations are clear about their principles and in their workings.Does your company always focus on ethics and ethical work? Unethical behavior can lead to mismanagement, and lead to employees also leaving the company.Th e vision and mission need to be clear. Employees need to understand what the organization wants.Knowing your employees skills and perfection goes a long way in how you decide to work with them.3. CamaraderieOften, we ask ourselves do we enjoy going to work?How many of us get up in the morning and are truly ready to go and work? Not many. At other times, we ask others the same question.Most people get out of bed to go to work â€" only because of the green slip at the end of the month. Not many go because they like what they’re doing.It isn’t how work is supposed to be. You’re supposed to love what you do, as it’s only then that you can get better at it, and be more productive.No, we shouldn’t have to look at something exciting to happen to make us go to work.Else, it could surely affect your method of doing work.You need a work environment where you have team members you will love to work with.Camaraderie refers to a culture which provides trust, friendship, good communica tion, teamwork, effective leadership, and surely enthusiasm.Good communication between different groups performing different tasks is what we need to aim at.Some might be happy because they have good communication skills and gel well with everyone.Others might be happy because their leader listens to them and treat them very well. It’s these small gestures that we look for.Let’s break down things a bit more for you. Camaraderie happens because of these two factors:i. Conflict ManagementWhile these are bound to happen, taking the right precautions ensures minimal disruptions to the daily work life.Conflicts can be of any type, but ones you need to avoid. Conflicts can be between an employee and an employer, or between employee and organization.When it comes to tackling conflicts, organizations can form a conflict management committee;The conflicts solved should be fair enough and should not always point out the employee. The fair decision will encourage the employees.The conflict management committee is also beneficial when the interest of people working in an organization seems to be on different avenues.ii. Partnership BuildingHow well do your team members gel with each other?The secret to great work is to have teams who like to work with each other.And you can do it if you engage in the right partnership building strategies.Partnership building relates to teamwork. Employees look forward to work in teams as well as an individual. Working in teams helps them to know their potential and in turn, the limits of work.Employees love social opportunities; a reason you need more social interactions. You can organize corporate parties and events. It’s going to make everyone feel more connected. For one, it helps employees to work effectively as well as they will be much more involved with the organization.Trust is another factor â€" focus on ensuring that team members trust each other.Open communication is important. Employees need to be able to take part in an y discussion or any communication happening.DOES THE THREE-FACTOR THEORY WORK?The three factors: equity, achievement, and camaraderie work together as well as separately.If taken together, we need to see that the employees are more functional, goal oriented and truthful towards the employer.All three factors hold up to build a good relationship between an employee and an organization.According to Dr. Sirota, equity is the most important of the three.He believes that if employees aren’t treated equally, their morale will go down.Everyone likes equal treatment.While he is somewhere right, it’s true that no employer can overlook the other two factors.It’s just focusing on the right mix â€" and it’s not as easy as it sounds.Creating the right environment is very necessary. It’s all about how easily employees and team leaders can tackle their job responsibilities.Leaders, for instance, should be able to lead properly and inspire the employees.THE TOP EMPLOYEE ‘HAPPINESS MYTHS ’As an employer, you are sure to have heard some of the things we are going to talk about below.Don’t worry, these myths that deal with employees’ motivation aren’t true.1. Employees are never happy whatever pay they get.Yes, it is not the case with every employee out there. Many employees work happily even if they aren’t getting a pay they think they deserve.They can work for long hours and never complain â€" all because they love what you’ve to offer.Creating the right work environment means that you’ve to worry less about employees demanding more than what you can offer.2. Most employees do not care to do the job as it needs to be done.Again, it’s about hiring the right talent. Your HR department needs to be the one doing the answering here.Employees do care about the work they get and fight for it if they don’t get the right working conditions.Many want to learn new skills and gain knowledge.They want their surroundings to be equally well maintained, helping th em to work better.3. Telling employees that they have done good work instead of not.You wouldn’t like to hear someone getting the nod as an employee even when you know they haven’t put in the efforts.Giving proper and reasonable feedback is what employees ask for. They don’t want to be motivated unfairly.Giving feedback according to work will help them get better. If they have done a great job, it’s time to offer good feedback and some recognition. If they haven’t done as expected, focus on the things they missed out on, and talk to them as to how they can improve. Don’t put under the carpet bad feedback.As David Sirota talks about in The Enthusiastic Employee: How Companies Profit by Giving Workers What They Want, it is when you understand the three different sets of goals and establish organization policies and practices, are you able to get a workforce who are always striving to get better.It’s what will also ensure that you have no conflicts to worry about.

Common Sense APUSH Topics to Study for Test Day

No, this blog post is not about the â€Å"common sense† that you wish more people had when they were driving (C’mon! Use your signal light, man!). Instead, you should read this blog post if you’re interested in Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, a pamphlet published in 1776 that helped explain revolutionary aims to more common colonists. What was Common Sense? To answer that question, we need to know a little bit about the guy behind Common Sense Thomas Paine. A portrait of Thomas Paine Paine was an intellectual whose political philosophy was rooted in the Enlightenment (think natural rights and self-government). Enlightenment thinkers from John Locke to Montesquieu were championing ideas that put reason and classification above superstition and tradition. The legacy of these ideas was far-reaching, not only for how we think of knowledge today (in terms of academic disciplines) and the emphasis we, as a society, put on scientific reasoning (most of us, anyway). But if you were a regular colonist, some of these ideas could seem a bit abstract. Paine’s Common Sense comes along and makes the argument for revolution – citing Enlightenment ideals as his evidence – in language that an average colonist could understand. Take a look at the following passage: The present time, likewise, is that peculiar time which never happens to a nation but once, viz., the time of forming itself into a government. Most nations have let slip the opportunity, and by that means have been compelled to receive laws from their conquerors, instead of making laws for themselves. First, they had a king, and then a form of government; whereas the articles or charter of government should be formed first, and men delegated to execute them afterwards; but from the errors of other nations let us learn wisdom, and lay hold of the present opportunity — TO BEGIN GOVERNMENT AT THE RIGHT END. When William the Conqueror subdued England, he gave them law at the point of the sword; and, until we consent that the seat of government in America be legally and authoritatively occupied, we shall be in danger of having it filled by some fortunate ruffian, who may treat us in the same manner, and then, where will be our freedom? Where our property? Thomas Paine, â€Å"Of the Present Ability of America: with some Miscellaneous Reflection†, Common Sense Paine does something quite extraordinary here: he makes the case for revolution – and sound government – in terms that people could actually understand. And make no mistake: Paine was arguing for something that was unusual in the 18th century. One could argue whether or not Paine was being too optimistic about the ability of the nascent United States to defend itself against the great British empire, but the effects of this optimistic were clear: Common Sense sold nearly 100,000 copies in 1776. Relative to the population of the 13 original colonies (2.5 million), Common Sense had the largest sale and circulation of any book in the colonies at that time. Common Sense is still in print today. So that’s it? It sold a bunch of copies? Why else does Common Sense matter? Well, first and foremost, selling that many copies is impressive! I’d like to see you try. But even more than that, Common Sense changed the dynamics of the argument for the revolution. If you remember my blog post on salutary neglect and the Navigation Acts, you will know that taxes were a large part of the story that led the colonists to declare independence. However, there were many – many – who argued that taxes were a small price to pay for being a part of the British empire (and a lucrative part at that). They petitioned, unsuccessfully, that the British government should ease the colonists’ tax burden; these individuals were not immediately seeking revolution. This was the case even after the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Many of these Loyalists argued for reconciliation, not rebellion. Common Sense changed the conversation. In this pamphlet, Paine outlined the evils of Great Britain in the form of monarchical and aristocratic tyranny. The colonists were not revolting for revolution’s sake; instead, they were righting a wrong that had been done to them by the mother country. In fact, Paine argued, that Great Britain was not, in fact, the mother country. But Britain is the parent country, say some. Then the more shame upon her conduct. Even brutes do not devour their young, nor savages make war upon their families. Wherefore, the assertion, if true, turns to her reproach; but it happens not to be true, or only partly so, and the phrase PARENT OR MOTHER COUNTRY hath been jesuitically adopted by the King and his parasites, with a low papistical design of gaining an unfair bias on the credulous weakness of our minds. Europe, and not England, is the parent country of America. This new World hath been the asylum for the persecuted lovers of civil and religious liberty from EVERY PART of Europe. Hither have they fled, not from the tender embraces of the mother, but from the cruelty of the monster; and it is so far true of England, that the same tyranny which drove the first emigrants from home, pursues their descendants still. Thomas Paine, â€Å"Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs†, Common Sense [emphasis added] It is here that we find another impact of Common Sense: changing the pedigree of the fledgling country from that of exclusively British descent to that of broad European heritage. What kinds of questions will I be asked on the APUSH exam about Common Sense? Common Sense cites Enlightenment ideology through which of the following arguments: I. Arguing that reason is more important than any other form of argument. II. Arguing that individuals have the right to distance rebel against unjust governments. III. Arguing that reconciliation is possible with England. A. I only B. II only C. I and III D. I and II Correct Answer: D; In Common Sense, Paine argues that reason, above superstition or tradition, is the most important factor in making decisions and that individual colonists should feel empowered to rebel against an unjust monarchy.

Childhood Obesity A Case Study Essay examples - 1099 Words

Introduction In the past three decades, rates of childhood obesity have increased precipitously. Between the years and 1980 and 2000, the prevalence of obesity has increased from 6.5% to 19.6% among 6 to 11 year old children and 5.0% to 18.1% among 12 to 19 year old adolescents x(National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2010). This condition is accompanied by many physical and psychological consequences for these children. There are two common postions in the debate about the causes of this condition. One belief of the cause of childhood obesity is that it is a question of â€Å"personal responsibility† or in the case of children, of â€Å"parental responsibility.† That is, increasing rates of obesity are due to†¦show more content†¦In these circumstances, when parents attempt to limit children’s ingestion of these foods, they may be inadvertently be reinforcing the children’s desire to consume these unhealthy nutriments (Birch Fis her, 1998). Other investigators have concluded that when parents leave food selection to the preference of the child, the children often choose a sizable quantity of food of meager nutritional value (Klesges, Stein, Eck, Isbell, Klesges, 1991). Case Study Kayla Matos-Galos, a 4-year-old girl from Land O’Lakes, Florida, is significantly obese, weighing nearly 105 pounds. The author has been asked to create a plan for the mother of Kayla, Ms. Luz Matos, to help her daughter improve her eating habits and overall health. Ms. Matos was advised that the goal of treatment should be weight maintenance as opposed to weight loss. This plan permits the child to increase in height but not in weight, resulting in a decrease in BMI-for-age into a healthier range. Ms. Matos was additionally informed that this will not be an easy task and that a considerable amount of effort should be made in maintaining Kayla’s weight. 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The Revolutionary War ( 1775-1783 ) - 1593 Words

The Revolutionary War (1775-1783) was an event in history that played a significant role in the way in which the world is structured in modern times. This nine year long war assisted in the establishment of one of the world’s greatest powers, the United States of America. To understand how such a seemingly simple event lead to the development of a grand nation, one must acquire in depth knowledge of the Revolutionary War. This paper will focus on delivering said knowledge which includes the various causes and purposes, the events that occurred within the conflict itself, and the results of the war. To understand the way in which this country became a world power, one must first understand exactly what led to the Revolutionary War. Before†¦show more content†¦Tension between Britain and Colonial America escalated when Britain, whose debt has doubled to 32 million euros, refused to compensate the Americans for the 2 million euros that they accumulated in debt. Britain went as far as implementing various revenue measures in the colonies in an attempt to stabilize their own government. Among these various revenue measures were the writ of assistance, the Sugar Act of 1764, and the Stamp Act of 1765. Through the use of the writ of assistance, which was a general search warrant that permitted officials to search and enter any ship or building with no evidence for suspicion required, the British government aimed to cease colonial trade/ smuggling with the enemy. The use of the writ, which was seen as unconstitutional in the British Parliament, demonstrated the belief that Parliament could alter the constitution at will. This created tension because many colonist believed that Parliament did not have the right to authorize illegal investigations and seizures in private houses. Another revenue measure that sent negative cogitations to the colonists was the Sugar Act of 1764. The Sugar Act placed new tariffs and restrictions on colonial trade. One such restriction was that colonists had to export certain materials through Great Britain and not directly with foreign count ries. The Sugar Act discarded the right to a fair trial and placed

Problem-Solving Courts are Helping to Reform the Justice...

I believe that one of the best reforms to our justice system is the growing number of Problem-Solving Courts. Problem-Solving Courts are specialized courts that focus on specific problems in society, such as drug abuse, prostitution, mental-health, domestic violence, etc (Courts). I have chosen drug courts more specifically to research. According to drugpolicy.org, in 2012 1.55 million people were arrested for non-violent drug charges (Drug Policy Alliance). This is an astounding amount of people being arrested, which is why I believe it is important to have problem-solving courts. Unlike traditional courts, these specialized courts address the issues that individuals have that cause them to commit crimes in order to reduce the chances of†¦show more content†¦Possibly one of the largest obstacles in creating problem solving courts is economical/political issues. With our nation in a recession many states are seeing budget cuts. 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